but is there really free will or are actions determined by the events that have preceded it?
Some theorize that there is an element to humanity that in some circles I've led seminars for is referred to as the 'machine' (the movie The Matrix was based of this, the ideology being Landmark Education). It's a predefined response that we auto generate based on past experiences and the machines only function is to 'protect'. However like any machine it has bugs. For instance. Imagine being a teen and you see a pretty girl on the bus you go talk to her and for whatever reason (like she is grumpy) she tells you to go away but not as politely.. and those around hear and laugh. At that point in time your 'machine' decides for you on a subconscious level that will never talk to a pretty girl in a public place... why? because it is trying to protect you from what you considered to be a negative emotion... embarrassment. The same ideology believes that you can learn to recognize this 'machine' and then choose in that instant whether to act on it or not. So in some sense yes actions are determined by preceding events but who ultimately gets a say in your life? Consider that you do!